First Conditional
We use the first conditional (if + present simple, will + base verb) to talk about real and possible situations in the future and their likely results.
Form: if + present simple, will + base verb
The first conditional has two parts: the if-clause and the main (result) clause. In the if-clause we use the present simple, and in the main clause we use 'will' + the base form of the verb. This structure connects a possible future condition with its likely result.
- •If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.
- •If she studies hard, she will pass the exam.
- •I will call you if I have time.
Word order and the comma
You can put the if-clause first or second, and the meaning stays the same. When the if-clause comes first, we use a comma before the main clause. When the main clause comes first, we do not use a comma.
- •If you heat ice, it will melt faster in the sun.
- •We will miss the bus if we do not hurry.
- •If he arrives early, we will start the meeting.
Meaning: real and possible future
We use the first conditional for situations that are real and likely to happen in the future, not for impossible dreams. The if-clause shows the condition, and the result clause shows what will probably happen. It is common for plans, promises, warnings, and predictions.
- •If you touch that wire, you will get a shock.
- •If we win the match, I will buy everyone pizza.
- •She will be angry if you are late again.
Other words instead of 'will'
We do not always have to use 'will' in the result clause. We can use modal verbs like 'can', 'may', or 'might', or even an imperative, to show ability, possibility, or instructions. We still keep the present simple in the if-clause.
- •If you finish your homework, you can watch TV.
- •If the weather is good, we might go for a walk.
- •If you see John, tell him to call me.